UTF-8 sandbox (encode)

Step-by-step breakdown

1. 01

   Pick the UTF-8 form

   Range U+0080 -> U+07FF - 11 useful bits, beyond ASCII.

   2 bytes · U+0080 → U+07FF
2. 02

   Convert to binary

   Code point U+00E9 fits in 11 significant bits (padded to the form's payload length).

   00011101001
3. 03

   Split into chunks

   Split by the form's payload-slot widths (5 + 6 bits).

   00011 | 101001
4. 04

   Insert the markers

   The first byte carries the marker 110 (3 bits); the next carries 10 (continuation).

   byte 1

   1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1

   byte 2

   1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
5. 05

   Convert to hexadecimal

   Each binary byte becomes its hex value on 2 digits.

   0xC3 0xA9